Global Poverty & Inequality Data
Access poverty rates, Gini coefficients, income distribution, and inequality metrics for 200+ countries from World Bank data. Query by country name in plain language with optional trend analysis and regional comparisons.
Actions
query_poverty_data
Fetch poverty and inequality data for a country or region from the World Bank World Development Indicators database.
Required fields:
action—"query_poverty_data"country_or_region(string) — Country or region name in plain English. Supports 200+ countries (e.g.,"India","Kenya","Brazil"), regional aggregations (e.g.,"Sub-Saharan Africa","South Asia","Latin America and Caribbean","East Asia and Pacific","Middle East"), income groups (e.g.,"Low Income","Upper Middle Income","High Income","OECD"), and global ("World"or"Global"). Common abbreviations like"USA","UK","UAE"are accepted. Names longer than 100 characters are rejected.
Optional fields:
metric_type(string) — Type of metric to query. Default:"all"."poverty_headcount"— Poverty rates at $2.15, $3.65, and $6.85/day thresholds (2017 PPP)"extreme_poverty"— $2.15/day poverty line plus poverty gap analysis"gini_index"— Gini coefficient (0 = perfect equality, 100 = perfect inequality)"gini"— Alias forgini_index"inequality"— Gini coefficient plus income share held by lowest 20% and highest 20%"income_distribution"— Income shares by lowest 10%, lowest 20%, highest 20%, and highest 10%"all"— All available metrics including multidimensional poverty headcount
time_period(string) — Time period for data retrieval. Default:"latest"."latest"— Most recent complete year"last_5_years"— Data from past 5 years"last_10_years"— Data from past 10 years"YYYY:YYYY"— Specific year range (e.g.,"2015:2020","2010:2022"). A dash-separated range like"2015-2020"is also accepted and converted automatically.
include_regional_comparison(boolean) — Include regional and global averages (World, Sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia, Latin America & Caribbean, East Asia & Pacific, Middle East & North Africa) for context. Default:true. Only the first 3 indicators are compared per region.include_trends(boolean) — Include trend analysis showing direction (improving/worsening/stable), absolute and percent change, and data point count when historical data is available. Default:true. For poverty and inequality indicators, a decrease is classified as "improving."
Example — Latest poverty data for a country:
{
"action": "query_poverty_data",
"country_or_region": "India",
"metric_type": "all",
"time_period": "latest"
}
Example — Inequality trends over a decade:
{
"action": "query_poverty_data",
"country_or_region": "Brazil",
"metric_type": "inequality",
"time_period": "2010:2022",
"include_trends": true
}
Example — Regional poverty overview:
{
"action": "query_poverty_data",
"country_or_region": "Sub-Saharan Africa",
"metric_type": "poverty_headcount",
"time_period": "latest",
"include_regional_comparison": true
}
Example — Gini coefficient lookup:
{
"action": "query_poverty_data",
"country_or_region": "South Africa",
"metric_type": "gini_index",
"time_period": "latest"
}
Example — Extreme poverty with no comparisons:
{
"action": "query_poverty_data",
"country_or_region": "Nigeria",
"metric_type": "extreme_poverty",
"time_period": "last_5_years",
"include_regional_comparison": false,
"include_trends": true
}
Response Format
Responses include:
- data — Per-indicator results with indicator name, latest value, year, unit (% of population, index 0-100, or % of total income), country name, and source attribution.
- trends — When enabled, shows oldest/newest year and value, absolute change, percent change, direction (improving/worsening/stable), and data point count.
- regional_comparison — When enabled, latest values for the same indicators across World, Sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia, Latin America & Caribbean, East Asia & Pacific, and Middle East & North Africa.
- insights — Auto-generated observations such as poverty level severity, inequality classification, trend direction, and comparison to global averages.
- sdg_alignment — SDG 1: No Poverty alignment note.
- data_notes — Contextual notes about PPP, indicator interpretation, and data freshness.
If a country name is not recognized, the response returns an error with a hint to use full English country names.
Supported Metric Indicators
| Metric Type | Indicators Included |
|---|---|
| poverty_headcount | Poverty at $2.15/day, $3.65/day, $6.85/day |
| extreme_poverty | Poverty at $2.15/day, Poverty gap at $2.15/day |
| gini_index / gini | Gini coefficient |
| inequality | Gini coefficient, Income share lowest 20%, Income share highest 20% |
| income_distribution | Income share lowest 10%, lowest 20%, highest 20%, highest 10% |
| all | All of the above plus Multidimensional poverty headcount |
Common Workflows
- Country poverty profile — Call with
metric_type: "all"andtime_period: "latest"to get a complete snapshot of a country's poverty and inequality status. - Track progress over time — Use
time_period: "2010:2022"withinclude_trends: trueto see whether poverty is improving or worsening. - Cross-country comparison — Make separate calls for different countries with the same metric and time period, then compare the results.
- Regional benchmarking — Set
include_regional_comparison: trueto see how a country compares to its region and the world.
Important Notes
- Data is sourced from the World Bank World Development Indicators database.
- PPP values are in constant 2017 international dollars.
- Most recent data is typically 1-3 years behind the current year due to collection and processing delays.
- Data availability varies by country and indicator; some countries may have gaps.
- Boolean fields must be actual booleans (
true/false), not strings. - If an unrecognized
metric_typeis provided, the tool defaults to returning all metrics. - Aligns with SDG 1 (No Poverty) and SDG 10 (Reduced Inequalities) monitoring.







